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New Religion law in Macedonia fails to solve church problems

Macedonia's new Religion Law will not end the building problems faced by minority religious communities, reports Jeremy Reynalds, correspondent for ASSIST News Service.

Macedonia is located in Southeastern Europe, north of Greece

Forum 18 News Service reported that religious communities of all faiths have told the news service that the major problems in practicing their faith revolve around buildings.

There have been long-running denials of permission to disfavored communities to build, extend or establish legal ownership over places of worship Forum 18 reported. In addition, the authorities have also demolished Serbian Orthodox places of worship which they considered “illegal.”

The new Religion Law was approved by parliament in Sept. 2007. Forum 18 reported that many people believe provisions in the Law were deliberately framed to prevent the Serbian Orthodox Church's branch in Macedonia from ever gaining legal status.

Forum 18 reported that one of the articles of the religion law might encourage religious discrimination by allowing existing religious communities to effectively veto the construction of places of worship of other faiths.

This would be especially true, the news service reported, for the Serbian Orthodox Church, if it were ever to be permitted to have state registration. The views of the state-favored Islamic Community of Macedonia may also be sought in areas dominated by Macedonia's large Albanian minority.

Forum 18 reported the news service was unable to gain any comments on the Law, or the problems it poses, from the State Committee for Relations with Religious Communities and Religious Groups.

According to Forum 18, an added problem for smaller religious communities is the cumbersome way urban plans are drawn up, usually every five or ten years. The new Law will do nothing to help this.

“The biggest problem is that when the authorities draw up detailed urban plans, they only allow for building plots for the Macedonian Orthodox church,” Ivan Grozdanov, pastor of Skopje Baptist Church, told Forum 18.

He added, “They do not consult with other churches and religious communities about their building needs. So when we Baptists request building permission, the authorities reply that there are no plots allocated for churches.”

Grozdanov also pointed to problems some communities face in changing the official designation of buildings to places of worship.

He told Forum 18, “If we build or buy a house and then want to change the use of the building for church needs, we get the answer that no church is planned there so it is not possible to change the use of the building. How we can say that we can freely worship, when for decades we have not been able to obtain places of worship?”

Even some of the five religious communities named in Macedonia's Constitution - mainly the Muslim community and the Methodist Church - face problems in obtaining building permission.

“The detailed urban plan of the town of Prilep needed to be changed, so that the legal possibility could be created to issue building permission for the new Methodist church,” Sofija Trajkovski of the Methodist Church told Forum 18.

She added, “It is a slow process since the plan needed to be changed for a big area, not just for one house or street. It will take at least one more year.”

But Forum 18 said Trajkovski noted that in the south-eastern town of Radovis her church has recently received building permission. She said, “It is not easy, but it is easier than before.”

Forum 18 reported that Methodists in some places are also pursuing alternatives to new buildings, by regaining property confiscated by the Communist state after 1945.

Reis ul Ulema Sulejman Rexhepi, the head of the state-favored Islamic Community of Macedonia, said he hopes that the new Religion Law will reduce bureaucracy over building new mosques.

“It is clear that if the norms of this Law are respected, if believers or a religious entity evaluate that there is a need to extend or build a place of worship, there shouldn't be any problem,” Forum 18 reported he told the news service.

Forum 18 reported that Rexhepi did not comment on the two places of worship his community forcibly seized from the Bektashi Muslims in 2002. The Bektashis have been trying unsuccessfully to regain these buildings through the courts.

One section of the new Religion Law could be used to ban worship services in some buildings, or those conducted by certain people.

Forum 18 reported that Article 18 states that, “Religious rituals are to be performed in a religious building such as a church, mosque, house of prayer, synagogue, graveyard or other premises of a church, religious community and religious group.”

It continues, “A religious ritual may also be performed in other public and private premises and places.”

However, it also reads that these “may be performed and organized only by a religious servant of a church, religious community and religious group (the undefined registered categories given in the Law) in the Republic of Macedonia or upon their authorization.”

The same article also contains the statement that pilgrimage organizers are “obliged to enforce on the group of believers and religious officials the regulations for the protection of the population from contagious diseases.”

It is not clear in what circumstances these provisions would be used by the authorities, Forum 18 said.

However, unregistered communities such as the Serbian Orthodox Church's Ohrid Archdiocese, some Protestants and Jehovah's Witnesses all hold worship services in private properties.

Archbishop Jovan, who leads the Ohrid Archdiocese, along with Bishop Marko and several monks and nuns, were arrested in early 2004.

Their “offence,” the news service reported, was worshiping in the home of Jovan’s father.

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[04/02/2008]

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